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Utilizing data from a survey of attitudes and behavior of more than 2,500 residents of selected rural, urban, and university communities in the Federal Republic of Germany, Edward Muller attempts to formulate and to test a general multivariate theory about what motivates individuals to participate in aggressive political action. Since this kind of political behavior is infrequent in addition to being difficult to measure, it rarely has been subjected to rigorous scientific investigation at the micro-level. Professor Muller's study is an attempt to understand the causes of aggressive political participation using quantitative techniques.Originally published in 1979.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905

Utilizing data from a survey of attitudes and behavior of more than 2,500 residents of selected rural, urban, and university communities in the Federal Republic of Germany, Edward Muller attempts to formulate and to test a general multivariate theory about what motivates individuals to participate in aggressive political action. Since this kind of political behavior is infrequent in addition to being difficult to measure, it rarely has been subjected to rigorous scientific investigation at the micro-level. Professor Muller's study is an attempt to understand the causes of aggressive political participation using quantitative techniques. Originally published in 1979. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Abstract. Hypotheses about determinants of income inequality in advanced capitalist societies are tested with data from the World Bank for 1975–80 across virtually the complete population. The results support most of the propositions of a model that takes into account differences in partisan control of government, the organization strength of labour, and the openness of the economy to international market forces. Hypotheses derived from global models of income distribution are not supported. The major findings are (1) that labour organization has no direct effect on income inequality; (2) that strong socialist parties have a negative effect on the size of the gap between the rich and the poor but no effect on the gap between the rich and the middle class; (3) that the governmental strength of conservative parties is unrelated to the size of the gap between the rich and the poor but has a very strong positive effect on the gap between the rich and the middle class; and (4) that, regardless of partisan control of government, relatively small trade dependent economies are more egalitarian than relatively large economies which are less dependent on international trade.

In accounting for the variation in income inequities among wealthy capitalist states, a multivariate causal model was tested with 1975-1980 data from the World Bank. The factors of strengths of socialist & conservative parties, the openness of the economy to international trade forces, & the scope of union membership were hypothesized to have direct effects on income inequity; additional factors from other models (voter turnout, level of political democracy, level of economic development, rate of economic growth, expansion of investment, & secondary school enrollment ratios) were entered into the multivariate analysis sequentially after the direct factors. Results show that: socialistic government strength has a negative effect on the ratio of rich to poor; conservative government strength has a positive effect on the rich to middle class ratio; the organizational (union) stength of the working class has no direct effect on income distribution; & across differing partisan control components, states with high export to gross domestic product ratios are more egalitarian in income distribution than those less dependent on international trade. The results of interactions between the direct factors & the complex relationships between the explanatory variables are presented & discussed. 7 Tables, 3 Figures, 59 References. M. Pflum

Experiences of New York City, Costa Rica, and Turkey; based on surveys done in 1978, 1980, and 1974, respectively.

Conference paper. Contends that the Johnson and Nixon administrations justified the replacement of democracy by authoritarian rule as necessary in order to advance the common good of the free world by ensuring pro-American, anti-communist, political stability.

ABSTRACTDemocratic participation (conventional and unconventional methods of legal political activity in democracies) and aggressive participation (civil disobedience and political violence) are analytically distinct types of political behaviour. Previous explanatory models have assumed (usually implicitly) that these types of behaviour are uncorrelated. But an accumulation of recent research evidence shows them to be correlated expirically; therefore an important current priority of political participation research is development of integrated model to explain both types. Using 1974 survey data from the Federal Republic of Germany. a preliminary simultaneous‐equation model is specified and tested.

DEMOCRATIV PARTICIPATION AND AGGRESSIVE PARTIPATION ARE ANALYTICALLY DISTINCT TYPES OF POLITICAL BEHAVIOR. PREVIOUS EXPLANATORY MODELS HAVE ASSUMED THAT THESE TYPES OF BEHAVIOR ARE UNCORRELATED. BUT ACCUMULATION OF RECENT RESEARCH EVIDENCE SHOW THEM TO BE CORRELATED EXPIRICALLY, THEREFORE AN IMPORTANT CURRENT PRIORITY OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION RESEARCH IS DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED MODELS TO EXPLAIN BOTH TYPES.